|
              
            
Common
Types of
Fraud:
|
Fast
Facts
about
the
FCA
|
|
The Government Counts on Whistleblowers:
More than
80 percent of the False Claims Act cases that are now
pursued by the U.S. Department of Justice are initiated by
whistleblowers.
|
|
Cheaters Pay Whistleblower Awards:
Companies cheating the U.S. Government pay whistleblower
rewards – not one dime comes from U.S. taxpayers.
The reason for this is that the False Claims Act calls for
triple damages so that the Government can be made whole, not only
by recouping the cost of whistleblower awards, but also by
recovering the cost of investigations, prosecutions, and
lost interest.
|
|
Big
Cases Require Big Investments:
Big fraud cases prosecuted under the False Claims Act
often require many years of litigation and investigation.
For example, the whistleblower in the first Columbia-HCA
fraud case spent 13 years pursuing his False Claims Act
lawsuit. The law firm that spearheaded this case invested
more than 85,000 hours in
the case. In the end, the various frauds perpetrated by
Columbia-HCA returned over $1.5 billion to the U.S.
Treasury.
|
|
Frivolous Lawsuits are Discouraged:
Because most False Claims Act lawyers work on a contingency
basis, they only get paid if they win. This means that they
are unlikely to invest time, money and energy building a
case that they themselves do not feel will be productive.
In addition, under the False Claims Act, a complainant can
be required to pay the defendants attorney’s fees if the
court finds that the claim was frivolous or brought
primarily for purposes of harassment.
|
|
The
False Claims Act Provides Some Employment Protections:
If an employee is fired, demoted, harassed, or otherwise
discriminated against for filing a False Claims Act suit,
the law provides for reinstatement, double back pay, and
compensation for special damages, including litigation costs
and reasonable attorneys’ fees.
|
|
Drug Company Frauds are Pervasive and Large:
Over 500 pharmaceutical fraud cases are now under
investigation by the U.S. Department of Justice under the
False Claims Act.
Settlement of just 14 drug
manufacturing cases
(all those resolved to date) has returned over $3.45 billion
to the U.S. Government and the 50 states.
|
|
Routine Mistakes and Errors
are Not Prosecuted Under the False Claims Act:
The False Claims Act is not used to correct minor billing
mistakes or errors, as these frauds are not systematic and
rarely amount to truly large sums of money.
|
|
Major
Cases Under Watch:
|
|
Pratt & Whitney:
The Government awaits a
judge's decision in a False Claims Act case involving
hundreds of millions of dollars allegedly stolen from U.S.
taxpayers by United Technologies and Pratt & Whitney during
the Alternate Fighter Engine (AFE) program
of the 1980s.
Medco Health
Solutions:
A June trial date has been
set in a large case involving Medco Health Solutions. In
this case, the Government has joined a whistleblower lawsuit
that alleges that Medco defrauded hundreds of millions of
dollars from Medicare, Medicaid and other federal health
care programs.
Mario Gabelli:
A June trial date has been set in a case involving Wall
Street financier Mario Gabelli and various companies he
owns. The charge is that Mr. Gabelli and partners created
various front companies to act as "small business" investors
in a scheme to purchase radio bandwidth at a discount. The
bandwidth was later resold, netting Gabelli and partners
more than $250 million profit.
Tenet Healthcare:
A massive fraud case
against Tenet Healthcare involving Medicare "outlier"
payments remains under investigation. Tenet is known to
have reserved over a billion dollars in expectation of a
settlement in this and other federal and state cases. An unrelated criminal case against
Tenet is now before a jury in San Diego. However that case
is decided, some analysts expect Tenet to move to settle the
Federal outlier case.
Pharmaceutical
Fraud:
Only 14 pharmaceutical fraud cases that have been settled so
far, but they have returned well over $3.44 billion to the
U.S. Government. More than 150 other cases, involving more
than 500 drugs, are now under investigation. In all
likelihood, at least one or two large pharmaceutical cases
will be settled sometime in the next 9 months, and possibly
more.
Dialysis Fraud:
Most of the major renal
care facilities in the country are now under investigation
for fraud. One large case, against Gambro, has already been
settled for $325 million, but investigations against
Fresenius, DaVita,
Renal Care Group, Quest Diagnostics, and Bone Care
International are still underway.
|
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Latest News & Updates from TAF |
l
Oil Lease Fraud
l
DoJ Sues Dey
l
FCA Lawyer of the Year
|
l
AWP in Plan English
l
Whistleblower of the Year
l
U. of Phoenix Case |
 |
 Supreme
Court to Hear Rockwell Case
In 1999, the
U.S. and Jim Stone won a $4.2 million False Claims
Act jury verdict against Rockwell
International which was defrauding the U.S.
Government concerning hazardous waste disposal at
the Rocky Flats
Nuclear Weapons Plant in Colorado.
In 2002, Rockwell appealed the verdict and
lost. Rockwell then asked for a rehearing and lost
for the third time in 2004.
Now, almost 20 years after first blowing the
whistle, and despite winning his case,
Jim
Stone's case
is going to the U.S.
Supreme Court.
The issue? Was Jim Stone an "original source"
as defined under the False Claims Act?
It's worth noting what is NOT being argued in
this case. There is no question that Rockwell
International is guilty of ripping off the American
people -- their second offense under the False
Claims Act. Nor is there any question that Jim
Stone was the first person to bring to the
Government's attention the fact that nuclear waste
was being improperly disposed of at Rock Flats due
to defects in the "pondcrete" manufacturing
process. Finally, there is no question that the
Government amended and joined Jim Stone's original
complaint when it finally decided to take Rockwell
International to trial. The only question is
whether Rockwell International -- the guilty party
-- can determine who is, and who is not, an original
source in a case that has been joined by the U.S.
Department of Justice.
Arguments in the case are
expected to be heard
December 5th.
"The
Good Guys" In Brief:
Two citizens reporting
fraud against U.S. taxpayers; the chief lawyer for
the United States Government; the U.S. Senator that
co-authored the 1986 False Claims Act amendments,
and; the leading nonprofit organization representing
taxpayer interests in the False Claims Act arena.
"The
Bad Guys" In Brief:
A repeat fraud-feasor;
an aggressive litigator for corporate interests; a
trade association for corporations;
a pharmacy trade association whose members have
repeatedly engaged in fraud against U.S. taxpayers;
a national defense trade association whose members
have repeatedly engaged in fraud against U.S.
taxpayers, and; a hospital trade association whose
members have repeatedly engaged in fraud against
U.S. taxpayers.
|
 Omnicare
Settles for $49.5 Million
Omnicare, Inc., one of the
nation's largest long-term care pharmacy
companies, has agreed to pay $49.5 million to settle
a False Claims Act case filed by two whistleblowers
who said
Omnicare was substituting
tablets for capsules when filling prescriptions for
generic Zantac, Buspar and Prozac. This is
the second
large False Claims Act case in a month settled by
Omnicare. >>
To read more
|
 Contractors
Must Explain FCA
Beginning January 1,
2007, companies that do $5 million a year or more in Medicaid
business
must
include in their personnel manuals a
detailed description of the
company's policies and procedures for preventing fraud, and
a detailed
explanation of the rights of whistleblowers and the
provisions of the Federal
and state False Claims Acts. >>
To read the law
(Section 6032 of
S.1932, the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005) |
 In
Plain English: Serious Trouble
U.S. District
Judge Patti Saris has ruled that "Average
Wholesale Price" (AWP) means what the dictionary says,
and that it is not a "term of art." Though this
ruling comes in a
private class
action lawsuit in Boston, it will also hold true
in False Claims Act cases waiting to come to
trial in this same court. The bottom line:
Pharmaceutical companies are in serious trouble.
More than
40 companies face Average Wholesale Price False
Claims Act cases. >>
To read more |
 Amerigroup
to Pay $144 Million
Amerigroup was
found liable,
in a trial by jury, in the largest qui tam
False Claims Act judgment ever levied -- $144
million with an additional $190 million in statutory fines possible.
Amerigroup
was accused of discriminating against pregnant women and
other potentially high-risk patients who were supposed to be
recruited into a state-sponsored Medicaid HMO.
>>
To read more |
 InterMune
to Pay $40 Million
InterMune Inc. has agreed to
pay $36.9 million to settle charges the
company illegally promoted Actimmune to treat lung scarring
despite the fact that the drug was not FDA-approved for that
use. A criminal prosecution has been deferred for two years,
contingent on the company cooperating with the investigation
and implementing changes to its compliance policies. >>
To read more |
 Medco
to Pay $155 Million
Medco Health Solutions
Inc. will pay $155 million plus
legal fees to settle three False Claims Act lawsuits previously
joined by the Federal Government. The settlement covers a wide
variety of cheats, including: shorting prescriptions,
canceling prescriptions to avoid paying non-performance
penalties,
soliciting and
accepting kickbacks from pharmaceutical manufacturers to favor
their drugs, and paying kickbacks to health plans to obtain
business.
The relators will
receive $23
million as their award for helping the Government achieve this
recovery.
>>
To read more |
 Hospital
Consultant Nailed
for $64.25 Million by Court
The District Court for the
Northern District of Illinois
has ordered that a health care
consultant who effectively
controlled a teaching hospital,
first as CEO until 1997 and
later through a management
company, must repay three times
the amount of Medicare and
Medicaid claims submitted by the
hospital from 1995 through 2000,
plus a $7,500 penalty for each
claim.
>>
To read more
|
 Lighting
the Fuse on Gunpowder Fraud
For decades, the
St. Marks Powder company, has
been producing gunpowder for the military but not testing it as
required. St. Marks, a division of
General Dynamics, sells about $100 million worth of gunpowder
every year, most of it used in small-caliber weapons. General
Dynamics rushed to self-disclose the fraud when they found out a
whistleblower might come forward. Under the FCA, a company is
required to pay double damages, rather than triple damages, if
they self-disclose. >>
To read more |
 Omnicare
settles for $52 Million
Omnicare has agreed to pay the
state of Michigan
$52.5 million to
settle a civil suit filed against its subsidiary, Specialized
Pharmacy Services.
The settlement is the largest
Medicaid fraud recovery in Michigan's history.
The
criminal case against Daniel Lohmeier, former president of
Omnicare's Specialized Pharmacy Services unit in Michigan,
remains in place and is moving forward.
Rumor has it that Omnicare may be working towards
a global settlement on other charges. >>
To read more |
|
 Record Year for
Fraud Recoveries
Fiscal Year
2006 will be a record year for False Claims Act recoveries,
says Taxpayers Against Fraud, which estimates total
settlements and judgments will top $3.142 billion. This
figure does not include more than $200 million in
settlements which have been announced by companies but not
yet green-lighted by the U.S. Department of Justice.
Notes Jim Moorman, President of Taxpayers Against Fraud, "We
have seen extraordinary fraud settlements this year. The
whistleblowers, investigators, and private and Department of
Justice attorneys that have worked on these cases deserve a
huge thank you from the American people." also
said that the numbers should grow as activity increases in
states that pass their own False Claims Acts. >>
To read more
Top FCA Cases in the first 10 Months of FY
2006
|
 FCA Case
Filed Against Oil Companies
Four government auditors who monitored oil
and gas leases on federal property say the
Interior Department
tried to squelch their efforts to recover millions of
dollars stolen from U.S. taxpayers. The scam
involved the theft of at least $30 million in
oil revenue underpayments from companies
pumping oil from publicly owned waters in the
Gulf of Mexico. The four whistleblower, who
filed four False Claims Act cases in Oklahoma named a total of more than two dozen companies.
A fifth FCA complaint has been filed by another
auditor in Colorado. That case is against Kerr-McGee,
the company was made
infamous by their actions against whistleblower
Karen Silkwood
back in the 1970s.
>>
To read more
| Sept.
26,
2006
|
 A
Field Guide to Health Fraud
The Office of the Inspector General of HHS has released its 2007
"work plan." A close reading of this publication is a bit like
reading a field guide to fraud prosecutions in the year ahead.
OIG IG Dan Levinson recently told TAF that HHS has one auditor
for every billion dollars in HHS spending. >>
To read more (PDF) False Claim
Act investigations and prosecutions in the health care arena
return $15 back for every $1 invested.
|
Sept. 26, 2006 |
 US
Joins Suit Against Dey
Dey Pharmaceuticals, a unit
of Merck, has been accused by the
U.S. Dept. of Justice of overcharging Medicaid by lying about the
Average Wholesale Price (AWP) of prescription drugs. DoJ alleges
Medicaid paid over $500 million more than it should have
due to Dey's price deceptions. The Dey lawsuit is the second major AWP case joined by
DoJ. The first case was against
Abbott. >>
To read more
| Sept. 19,
2006
|
 California
False Claims Act:
Arbitrator Awards $37 Million
An
arbitrator has ruled that Navigant Consulting
Inc. must pay the city of Vernon, California over $37
million to resolve a case brought under the California False
Claims Act.
The
case involves a
dispute
related to electric distribution maintenance services that a
Navigant subsidiary provided to the city before Nov. 30,
2005.
To read more
| Sept. 19, 2006 |
 TAF's Whistleblower of the Year
Taxpayers Against Fraud has
named Ven-a-Care of the Florida Key (Mark Jones, Luis Cobo,
Dr. John Lockwood, and Zach Bentley) whistleblowers of the
year for their
extraordinary work in combating fraud against the Federal
Government in the prescription drug arena. In 2005,
GlaxoSmithKline settled a case brought by the Ven-a-Care
whistleblowers for the sum of $150
million. The case involved fraudulent
misreresentation of the "Average
Wholesale Price" of the anti-nausea drugs Zofran and
Kytril. The Ven-a-Care relators have,
so far, helped return more than $700 million stolen from
the American people. >>
To read more
| Sept. 10, 2006 |
 TAF's FCA Lawyer of
the Year
Taxpayers
Against Fraud has named Orlando, Florida
lawyer Alan Grayson Lawyer of the Year for 2006 for his work
in the Custer Battles case which sought to recover money
stolen from the American people through fraudulent billing
in Iraq. In a trial by jury, a
jury awarded maximum damages on every single
point -- a total of more than $10 million. The case is
currently on appeal. >>
To read more
| Sept. 10, 2006 |
 U.
of Phoenix Case Moves Forward
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
has reinstated a massive False Claims Act lawsuit against
the University of Phoenix which, with 180 campuses and over
310,000 students nationwide, is now America's largest accredited
university. The overwhelming majority of students at the U. of
Phoenix have federally funded tuition loans and grants, and last
year U.S. taxpayers paid, and the University of Phoenix
obtained, $1.7 billion in federal education funds. Yet many
students who enroll at the U. pf Phoenix never complete their
education, and many are unable to even finish the classes they
signed up for. >>
To
read more
| Sept. 19, 2006 |
 Schering to
Pay $435 Million
Schering-Plough has
agreed to pay a total of $435 million to resolve criminal
charges and civil
liabilities in connection with illegal sales and marketing
programs for brain tumor medication Temodar, and
Intron-A which is used in the treatment of bladder cancer
and hepatitis
C. The Schering settlement also covers best price violations
related to Claritin RediTabs (an antihistamine), and K-Dur,
which is used in the
treatment of ulcers. Past False Claims Act settlements by
Schering include $345 million paid for best price violations
(Claritin), and $27 million paid for Average Wholesale Price
violations (albuterol). Overall, the pharmaceutical
industry has paid $4 billion to settle False Claims Act
violations. >>
To read more
| August 29, 2006 |
 HHS Issues FCA Guidelines
The Federal
Register has published the "OIG
Guidelines for Evaluating State False Claims Acts." The
Guidelines (read
here) lay out a clear roadmap for states wishing
to receive additional funds under the Deficit Reduction Act (DRA).
The word is spreading that millions of Medicaid dollars are now
available to states that have a DRA-qualifying False
Claims Act. TAF's Model State False
Claims Act appears to meet or exceed all of the OIG
Guidelines, and can be read >>
here. (PDF)
| August 29, 2006 |
 PowerPoint
on
State
FCA Benefits
Jim Moorman, President of TAF, and Roderick Chen,
Office of Counsel to the HHS Inspector General, delivered a
PowerPoint presentation to the National Conference of State
Legislatures meeting in Nashville. >>
To see the PowerPoint
on how states can recover stolen money
| August 29, 2006 |
 Fighting
Healthcare Fraud:
Whistleblower Statute Returns
$15 for Every $1 Invested
A
new TAF report by economist Jack Meyer, concludes that every
dollar invested by the U.S. Government in investigation and
prosecution of federal health care fraud returns $15 back to the
American people -- a phenomenal rate of direct return that does
not even factor in the benefits of fraud deterrence.
>>
To read more
| August 2, 2006 |
|
 Supreme
Court Takes 17-Year Old Case
In 1999, the U.S. and Jim
Stone won a $4.2 million False Claims Act jury verdict
against Rockwell International which was defrauding
the U.S. Government concerning hazardous waste disposal at
the Rocky Flats Nuclear
Weapons Plant in Colorado. Rockwell appealed the verdict,
lost again in 2002, asked for a rehearing, and lost for the
third time in 2004.
Now, almost 20 years after first blowing the whistle, and
despite winning his case, 80-year old
Jim Stone's case
is going to the Supreme
Court. >>
To read Supreme Court
briefing on US ex rel. Stone v. Rockwell International
|
 Medtronic
to Pay $40 Million
Medtronic will pay $40 million to dismiss a
False Claims Act lawsuit against it filed by
Jacqueline Kay Poteet, a senior manager of travel services
for Medtronic who accused the company of paying over $50 million
in kickbacks to doctors in order for get them to use Medtronic
medical devices. >>
To read more |
 Gabelli
Settles: $130 Million
Wall Street
money manager Mario Gabelli and partners have agreed to pay $130
million to resolve allegations of fraud in connection with FCC
bandwidth auctions. The government initially declined to
intervene in the case which was pursued by the whistleblower and
his lawyers for four year before the Department of Justice
changed its mind. FCC Commissioner
Jonathan
Adelstein
has said he wants Gabelli banned from future FCC auctions.
>>
To read more
|
 Odyssey
to Pay $13 Million Odyssey HealthCare, a hospice care
provider with 82 Medicare-certified programs in 30 states, has
agreed to pay $13 million to
settle a False Claims Act case initiated by two whistleblowers.
As part of the settlement agreement, Odyssey will put in place a
corporate integrity agreement that will incorporate a
first-of-its kind clinical review protocol for end-of-life
decisions. >>
To read more |
 Tenet
Settles for $900 Million
Tenet Healthcare, the
second largest hospital chain in the U.S., has agreed to pay the
Federal Government $900 million for billing violations that
include manipulation of outlier payments to Medicare, as well as
kickbacks, upcoding, and bill padding. The DoJ press
release noted that the settlement was based on the company's
ability to pay. Several of the issues resolved by this
settlement were brought to the attention of the government as a
result of lawsuits filed by whistleblowers under the Federal
False Claims Act. >>
To read more |
 Tenet's
History of Business Plan Fraud
National Medical Enterprises' (NME), Tenet's predecessor, was
formed in 1964 when three lawyers recognized the potential for
profit in the new Medicare system. In
1994
NME was nailed for the largest
health care fraud scam in history,
and paid $379 million under the False Claims Act and another
$214 million
to settle state claims, with another $100 million going to pay
private civil cases. NME proceeded to sell off many of its
hospitals, renamed itself "Tenet" to reflect "its
core business philosophy" and went on to conduct even more fraud
scams. >>
To read more |
 St
Barnabas Hospital Pays $265 Million
St. Barnabas Healthcare, a nonprofit chain of eight hospitals in
New Jersey, has agreed to pay $265 million
to settle a False Claims Act lawsuit filed by a pair of
whistleblowers. The case dealt with "outlier" Medicare payments
which a hospital can claim if a procedure is particularly
difficult or complex.
St. Barnabas generated 41% of its
total inpatient Medicare
revenue from outlier payments as compared to the national
average of 4.75%. The government estimated damages in the St.
Barnabas case at $630 to $700 million, but the settlement amount
was based on St. Barnabas' ability to pay. >>
To read more
>>
To read the complaint
| June 20, 2006 |
The Scope
of Outlier Payment Chicanery
The $265 million St. Barnabas settlement (see above story) may
be just the edge of the wedge on outlier payments. Some
hospitals and hospital chains found they could easily manipulate
Medicare in order to generate millions of dollars in phony
claims. Along with Tenet Healthcare, where a "global"
settlement of well in excess of a billion dollars is reportedly
in the works, consider these numbers:
- Robert Wood Johnson
University Hospital at Hamilton (N.J.) received $18.2
million in outlier payments, representing 44.2% of its
inpatient Medicare revenue;
- Kimball Medical Center in
Lakewood, N.J., received 63% of its inpatient Medicare
revenue from outlier payments -- more than any other
hospital.
- Four-hospital Cathedral
Healthcare System, in Newark, received $30.4 million, or
26.6% of its Medicare inpatient revenue from outlier
payments;
- Hackensack (N.J.)
University Medical Center, received $35.6 million, or 20.4%
of its Medicare inpatient revenue from outlier payments;
- Methodist Hospital in
Houston netted $41.4 million, or 23.8% of its Medicare
inpatient revenue from outlier payments;
- Crozer-Keystone Health
System in Springfield, Pa., received $38.5 million, or 32.1%
of its Medicare inpatient revenue from outlier payments
| June 20, 2006
|
 TAF's
Moorman at ABA Institute
On June 15th, Jim
Moorman, President of Taxpayers Against Fraud, spoke at the 6th
ABA National Institute on the False Claims Act. The title of
his lunch-time presentation: The Whistleblower's Experience:
The High Cost of Integrity. >>
To read the speech
| June 20, 2006 |
 Honeywell
to Pay $2.6 Million
Honeywell has agreed to
pay the United States $2.6
million to resolve allegations the company violated the
False Claims Act by not
properly testing electrostatic protective packaging
used on over 186,000 sensitive parts used by the Department of
Defense and NASA. >>
To read more
| June 20, 2006 |
 Baxter
to Pay $8.5 Million
Baxter International Inc., has
agreed to pay $8.5 million to settle a False Claims Act lawsuit
charging the company with falsely reporting the prices of drugs
to the Texas Medicaid system. The Texas attorney general joined
a suit against Baxter, Abbott Laboratories and B. Braun Medical
Inc. in 2004. The Abbot and Braun cases are still pending.
>>
To read more
| June 13, 2006 |
 Feds
Say NY Fraud Fighting is Weak
The Centers
for Medicare and Medicaid Serices has issued a report that
says New York's fraud-fighting efforts are inadequate.
Notes the report: "Being
in compliance with the minimum regulatory standards is not
the same thing as having an effective fraud and abuse
program." The federal review found the staff assigned to
Medicaid anti-fraud work in New York has dropped more than
60 percent, from 950 in 1998 to 584 in 2004.
>>
To read more
| June 7, 2005 |
 Nevada
Court Upholds Best Price
A District Court has
denied a motion to dismiss a False Claims Act lawsuit filed
against Merck by the Attorney General of Nevada. The Attorney
General's office argues that
a discounted
price for drugs which is tied to purchases is not “merely
nominal” and is therefore not exempt from the Medicaid "best
price" statute. >>
To read the
opinion |
June 6, 2005 |
 Government to Intervene
Against Abbott
The United States
has intervened in a whistleblower suit filed against Abbott
Laboratories Inc., alleging the company engaged in
a scheme to report fraudulent and inflated prices for
several pharmaceutical products,
reporting prices that were more than 1000 percent
higher than the actual sales prices. Medicare and Medicaid reimbursed
Abbott's customers in excess of $175 million for the drugs
which are the subject of the complaint. >>
To read more
| May 23, 2005
|
 Past
Fraud Charges Against Abbott
Abbott Labs and its affiliates
have ripped off Medicare and
Medicaid in the past:
w
In October
2001, TAP Pharmaceuticals, a joint operation of
Abbott Labs and Takeda Pharmaceuticals, agreed to
pay $875 million to resolve criminal charges and
civil liabilities in connection with fraudulent
pricing and marketing of the cancer drug Lupron.
w
In July of 2003, Abbott Labs pled guilty to
obstructing a criminal investigation and defrauding
the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and agreed to
pay $400 million to resolve civil claims as well as
pay a criminal fine of $200 million.
w
On January 3, 2003 a California False Claims Act
case against Abbott came out from under seal
charging the company with systematically defrauding California's
Medicaid program by inflating prices for various
drugs in order to "market the spread" -- a common
business plan fraud
in which drug companies report an entirely
fictitious "Average Wholesale Price" to Medicaid
while selling the drugs at deep discounts to WalMart,
CVS, Walgreens and other national chains in order to
capture market share.
|
Drug |
Abbott 2001
Red Book AWP |
DOJ
Determined Actual AWP |
Difference |
Spread |
|
Acylovir |
$1047.38 |
$349.05 |
698.33 |
200% |
|
Dextrose |
$239.97 |
$3.91 |
$236.06 |
6,037% |
|
Diazepam |
$28.50 |
$2.03 |
$26.47 |
1,304% |
|
Gentamicin
Sulfate |
$64.42 |
$0.51 |
$63.91 |
12,531% |
|
Tobramyn
Sulfate |
$150.52 |
$2.94 |
147.58 |
5.020% |
|
Vancoymycin
Hydrochloride |
$382.14 |
$4.98 |
$377.16 |
7,574% |
<
| |
